For dereferencing complex lists and hashes the -> operator may be used Each of the following trios is equivalent $$listRef[0] = "Ape"; ${$listRef}[0] = "Ape"; $listRef->[0] = "Ape"; $$hashRef{'a'} = "Ape"; ${$hashRef}{'a'} = "Ape"; $hashRef->{'a'} = "Ape";
$$hashRef{'a'} = "Ape"; ${$hashRef}{'a'} = "Ape"; $hashRef->{'a'} = "Ape";