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Dennis Ojima
Colorado State University
Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory
B229 Natural Environmental Lab
Fort Colins, CO 80523-1499
dennis@nrel.colostate.edu
http://www.nrel.colostate.edu/PEOPLE/dennis.html
Earth System Sciences: Integrative Approaches to
Meet the Challenges Facing the Sustainability of the Earth System
Increased pressure on earth resources due to human activities related
to continued industrial growth, extraction from oceans for food and
other resources, land conversion for agricultural and wood extraction,
and use of water resources for urban and agricultural production have
substantial implications within the earth's environment. The magnitude
of changes to the earth system are evidenced by the continued rate
of increase in atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane
and nitrous oxide. These alterations in the atmosphere reflect the
complex interactions of the ocean, land, and atmosphere processes
as a result of human activities.
Earth system science has developed immensely during the past decade,
especially in the area of understanding the role of the biosphere
in controlling the carbon cycle. The carbon cycle is a good integrator
of earth system processes and, with the availability of recent developments
in observational and analytical technologies related to isotopic analyses,
ocean cruises, tower-based instrumentation, and satellite interpretations
are enhancing our ability for investigating teleconnections of the
earth system. In addition, the modeling technology is becoming more
sophisticated due to high performance computing facilities and superior
modeling paradigms available today. Although the modeling of the earth
system carbon cycle continues to be a challenge in this decade, the
potential exists for greater integration of the biospheric processes
within the physical and chemical components of the earth system.
The terrestrial biosphere has undergone tremendous changes due to
land conversion and vegetation changes. These changes in conjunction
with increased atmospheric concentration of CO2 and nitrogenous compounds
are altering the terrestrial biosphere links to the atmosphere and
oceans. Research efforts will be discussed which directly address
how we might further understand these complex processes, and how changes
in land use and natural disturbances can affect the carbon cycle.
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